VISOKA EKONOMSKA ŠKOLA PEĆ – LEPOSAVIĆ
VŠJ KRALJEVO
SEMINARSKI RAD IZ PREDMETA ENGLESKI JEZIK
TEMA:
INFINITIV I GERUND
Profesor:
Student:
Slava Ivanović Milenković
Tamara Dimić
Broj indeksa:
70082/16
Kraljevo, 2018.
Sadržaj:
2
Uvod...................................................................................... 3
Infinitiv.................................................................................. 4
Upotreba infinitiva................................................................. 4
Gerund.................................................................................... 8
Upotreba gerunda................................................................... 8
Razlika između infinitiva i gerunda....................................... 10
Zaključak................................................................................ 11
Literatura................................................................................ 12
4
Infinitiv
Sama reč
infinitiv
, reč je latinskog porekla, od reči
infinitum,
infinitus, tj. tačnije
Ad
infinitum
što znači,
beskonačno, beskrajno
– to infinity.
Definicija
:
infinitiv
je osnovni, nelični glagolski oblik
i ima ga u svim jezicima, osim u onima u
kojima ih nema, kao aboridžinijski, neki indijanski i sl.
Za razliku od srpskog jezika, u engleskom jeziku postoji više infinitiva:
infinitiv prezenta – to be, to ask, to go;
infinitiv perfekta – to have been, to have asked, to have gone;
infinitiv prezenta pasiva – to be closed, to be asked, to be gone;
infinitiv perfekta pasiva – to have been closed, to have been asked, to have been gone.
Postoje još i:
trajni infinitiv prezenta – to be going, to be asking;
trajni infinitiv perfekta – to have been going, to have been asking.
Morfološki marker infinitiva je rečca
TO
(I want to go.), ali se ona ne koristi uvek, i tada se radi
o takozvanom krnjem infinitivu (The bare infinitive). Na primer: He can’t go. / She would be. /
I should come.
Upotreba infinitiva
Upotreba infinitiva posle glagola
U zavisnosti od toga da li je glagol iza koga sledi infinitiv prelazan ili ne, infinitiv sa
TO
iza
glagola se upotrebljava na jedan ili dva načina:
GLAGOL + INFINITIV (ako je glagol neprelazan)
GLAGOL + OBJEKAT + INFINITIV (ako je glagol prelazan).
Glagoli iza kojih sledi infinitiv su: afford, agree, aim, appear, arrange, bother, care, chance,
claim, consent, decide, demand, determine, endevour, fail, get (reach the stage of), guarantee,
happen, hasten, have, hesistate, hope, learn, long, manage, offer, prepare, presume, pretend,
proceed, profess, promise, propose, prove, refuse, resolve, seek, seem, strive, swear, tend,
threaten, trouble, undertake, volunteer, vow.
Primeri:
In positive economics, we hope to act as detached scientists.
Economists tend to agree most about positive economics.
Someone might believe that it is more important to devote society’s scarce resources to
improve the environment.
They make a great effort to get what they wanted.
We would like to happen something that will reduce an inflation.
We have to satisfy our curiosity about why the economy works as it does, and to have
some basis for predicting how the economy will respond to changes in circumstances.
For example, we can say that the Australian economy is performing very well when compared
with the economies of other countries around the world.
It means the study of how a society organizes its scarce resources to meet the unlimited needs of
people or the society.
