ISHRANA U DOJENAČKOM PERIODU
DIPLOMSKI RAD
ISHRANA U DOJENAČKOM PERIODU
DIPLOMSKI RAD
SAŽETAK
Na samom početku majčinstva susrećemo se s jednom od najvažnijih odluka,
odlukom kako ćemo hraniti svoje dijete. Dojenje donosi brojne zdravstvene dobrobiti:
majčino mlijeko ima idealan omjer svih potrebnih hranjivih tvari, u prvih 6 mjeseci
djetetova života. Mlijeko je jedina hrana i tekućina koju dijete treba i koja ga optimalno
zadovoljava. Dojenjem se umanjuje rizik od nastanka iznenadne dojenačke smrti
(SIDS), smanjuje se učestalost infekcija uha i respiratornog trakta, reducira se rizik
pojave alergijskih bolesti kod djeteta. Dojenje ima veliki broj prednosti i po majku. U
izboru mlijeka za prehranu dojenčeta uvijek valja prednost dati majčinom mlijeku, koje
treba da ostane jedino mlijeko, koliko god je to moguće. Bez obzira na to kako ćete
hraniti svoje dijete, s njegovim se rođenjem Vaš život mijenja. Tokom prvih sedmica
većina djece nema pravilan ritam sna i hranjenja. Na to se također trebate pripremiti. Po
dolasku kući iz rodilišta Vama i Vašem djetetu bit će potreban zajednički boravak uz
puno odmora i međusobnog kontakta. Tema ovog diplomskog rada je ishrana u
dojenačkom periodu. Ovim radom se ukazuje na neke vrste ishrane djece u dobi do
godine dana, opisuju se prednosti i nedostaci određenih vrsta ishrane, daju se savjeti o
dohrani doječeta, te se ukazuje na najčešće bolesti koje se pojavljuju kod djece u ovoj
dobi. Naglasak rada je stavljen na dobrobiti dojenja, kao jedine i najbolje ishrane od
rođenja djeteta. Stoga, ovaj rad, u svojoj suštini, izdvaja i razmatra sve moguće vrste
ishrane dojenčadi, i može poslužiti kao jedan vid edukativnog materijala koji ukazuje na
važnost pravilne i zdrave ishrane, kako bi se postigao puni potencijal rasta i razvoja, sa
posebnim akcentom na dojenju za ishranu dojenčeta.
Ključne riječi: ishrana dojenčadi, dojenje, dohrana
ABSTRACT
At the beginning of motherhood we face with one of the most important
decisions, the decision of how we will feed our child. Breastfeeding brings many health
benefits: breast milk has the perfect ratio of all the necessary nutrients, in the first 6
months of age. Milk is the only food and fluids your child needs. Breastfeeding reduces
the risk of sudden infant death (SIDS), reduces the incidence of ear infections and
respiratory tract, reduces the risk of allergic diseases in children. Breastfeeding has
many benefits for the mother. In nutrition of infants, breast milk should always be a
priority and should remain as much as possible. Regardless of how you will feed your
child with his being born, your life changes. During the first weeks, most children have
no regular rhythm of sleep and feeding. You also need to be prepared for this. After
arriving home from the hospital you and your child will need a common room with a lot
of rest and contact with each other. The subject of this graduate work is nutrition of the
infants. This graduate work suggests nutrition for children aged up to one year,
describes the advantages and disadvantages of certain types of food, gives advice on
supplementation feeding, and points to the most common diseases that occur in children
at this age. The focus of this work is placed on the well-being of breast-feeding, as the
only and the best food for children. Therefore, this paper, in its essence, separates and
analyzes all kinds of food for infants, and can serve as a form of educational material
that emphasizes the importance of proper and healthy diet, in order to achieve the full
potential of growth and development, with special emphasis on breastfeeding for infant
feeding.
Keywords: nutrition for infants, breast-feeding, supplementation
