5. MKOIEE • ICREPS
29
EKOLOŠKA SVEST I EKOLOŠKO OBRAZOVANJE U SREDINAMA
SA INDUSTRIJSKIM IZV
ORIMA ZAGAĐENJA
ENVIRONMENTAL AWARENESS AND ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION IN
COMMUNITIES WITH INDUSTRIAL SOURCES OF POLLUTION
Snežana UROŠEVIĆ
1
, Jelena JOVKIĆ, Dejan RIZNIĆ, Zoran STEVIĆ
Technical Faculty in Bor, University of Belgrade
Na formiranje ekološke svesti utiče veliki broj faktora, među kojima je jedan od
najvažnijih ekološko obrazovanje. Održivi razvoj, predstavlja cilj i zahtev ekološkog obr
a-
zovanja kojim se uspostavlja ravnoteža svih komponenti života i nenarušava ravnoteže životne
sredine. Etika zaštite životne sredine zasniva se na moralnoj odgovornosti čoveka da ne
ugrožava sredinu u kojoj živi, jer se samo na taj način mogu stvoriti uslovi za kvalitetniji
način života. Zagađenje je jedan od najvećih problema savremenog sveta i ima štetne efekte
na životnu sredinu. Industrijski procesi mogu da izazovu ozbiljne probleme životne sredine i
mogu povećati zagađenje vazduha, zemljišta i vode. Danas je većina kompanija fokusirana na
ekonomske koristi njihovog poslovanja, nego na uticaj na životnu sredinu. Podizanje ekološke
svesti u industrijskim sredinama ima za posledicu prihvatanje i preuzimanje ekološke i
društvene odgovornosti. U radu su obuhvaćeni konkretni ekološki problemi rudarskog grada
Bora i njegove okoline, a izvršena je analiza komponenata ekološke svesti kod građana Bora
s obzirom da se zna u kolikoj meri je na ovom području ugrožena životna sredina
sa svim
svojim elementima.
Ključne reči:
ekološka svest, ekološko obrazovanje, Bor, ekološki problemi, industrijska
zagađenja
The formation of environmental awareness is influenced by many factors, among which
is one of the most important environmental education. Sustainable development is a goal, and
the requirements of environmental education, which is to establish a balance of all comp
o-
nents of the balance of life and undisturbed environment. The ethics of environmental prote
c-
tion is based on the moral responsibility of man that does not endanger the environment in
which he lives, because only in this way can create conditions for a better way of life. Poll
u-
tion is one of the biggest problems of the modern world and has adverse effects on the env
i-
ronment.
Industrial processes can cause serious environmental problems and can increase
the pollution of air, soil and water. Today, most companies focus on the economic benefits of
their business, rather than on the impact on the environment. Raising environmental awar
e-
ness in industrial environments has resulted in the acceptance and taking environmental and
social responsibilities. The work covered by specific ecological problems of the mining town
of Bor and its surroundings, and an analysis of the components of environmental awareness
among citizens of Bor as it is known to what extent is this area an endangered environment
with all its elements.
Keywords:
environmental awareness, environmental education, Bor, environmental
problems, industrial pollution
1
Introduction
The concern for maintaining and improving the quality of the environment and protect-
ing human health is increasing. The environment must be protected and improved as a whole.
Nature is not over, and the space is unique and is characterized by numerous interconnections
and permeations, conditions, similarities and differences. It should not be thought of as any-
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1
Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected]
30
5. MKOIEE • ICREPS
one and nobody, as if it were only for mining and metallurgy, as if it were only for the present
generation, only for stronger and more aggressive users. Healthy environment is getting
smaller, and its price is getting bigger.
The achievement of environmental impacts requires all actors to accept the obligation to
systematically approach the introduction of the Environmental Management System (EMS)
and its continuous improvement. We are witnesses that the state of environmental quality in
cities is becoming more and more problematic. Two types of activities should be undertaken:
The already degraded environment should be brought into a state that does not interfere with
the functioning of life and it is protected at the existing level of quality. One activities can be
achieved through a system of guidance and management measures. The environment can be
defined as environmental management.
Urban areas are the most important source of pollution due to urban traffic. However, in
addition to them, pollution from many industrial capacities is very important because they
cause the most degrading impacts, which are visible to all citizens of these industrial cities.
The same case is with Bor, the largest industrial center of Eastern Serbia.
Ecological education is now an integral part of the educational process. The goal of eco-
logical education is that man preserves and improves his environment in order to become an
integral part of his life, work and biological survival. In addition, ecological education has the
task of raising the critical awareness of people about the necessity of preserving and promot-
ing a healthy, ecologically clean environment, and to introduce them to the consequences of
technological development and the uncontrolled impact of this development on eco-systems
and human health. This is achieved both institutional and out of institutional education. These
two ways of ecological education must be interconnected and coordinated, since they are nat-
urally addressed to one another [1].
Ecological education should provide knowledge on the basic ecological issues of mod-
ern society, develop a critical attitude towards rising environmental degradation and point to
the necessity of rational use of natural resources. The system of ecological education plays an
important role in the formation of the ecological culture of a modern man. Educational -
edu-
cational process in the function of ecology represents a conscious and planned development of
knowledge about the human environment throughout the whole life. Ecological education and
education have the greatest impact on the behavior and relation of man to nature. Such behav-
ior is aimed at developing awareness of the basic characteristics of the human environment,
the relationship in it, and the relation to it. Ecological education represents an understanding
of the problem of general ecology of the material and spiritual activities of society.
Without good ecological education, there is no healthy environment. All countries strive
for better ecological education, while economic development policies have not much focused
on the environment. Ecological education is studied, depending on age, as a separate subject
or teaching content, where the representation of ecological content in curricula depends on the
educational profile and the extent to which it is closely related to natural sciences and ecology
[2]. Thus, outside the institutional education acquired in the family and through mass media,
it is complemented by institutional, starting from pre-school education through primary and
secondary schools to higher and university education, including post-graduate and doctoral
studies [3].
The most important goal of education is to achieve awareness of the real socioecologi-
cal environment. Ecological awareness influences the creation of a certain way of life that is
taken from nature only as much as is necessary to provide basic human needs without disturb-
ing the
balance in the environment. Raising environmental awareness has the consequence of
accepting and assuming ecological and social responsibility [4].
