INTRODUCTION
Today, when the traffic became one of the main activities in daily life of people in
front of the man placed new requirements related to the safety of participants in traffic.
Problems related to the safety of road users are very complex. Traffic problems are the most
common occurrence of traffic accidents, which end with material damage or injuries to
participants or at worst with killed persons. Most often, these problems relate to the problem
of imperfection ie. nonconformity in the system of human-vehicle-road-environment
(environment).
When it comes to the security of the vehicle itself, as a complex structural system can
not distinguish between two types of vehicle safety, such as:
•
Active safety
•
Passive safety
Active safety of vehicles are elements which prevent vehicles to come to a traffic accident
or due to breakage or whose failure may cause a traffic accident. This includes the control
system, braking systems, wheels, windscreen, equipment for signaling and lighting, and
equipment for drying and wiping the windshield, etc. In addition to these basic systems are
now developed and modern systems of active vehicle safety systems and automatic regulation
controlling the movement of vehicles minimal impact drivers allow for proper maintenance of
the stability of motion of the vehicle, regardless of the conditions of the vehicle. Passive
safety of vehicles are elements on board the midst of arrival to mitigate the consequences of
the accident.
The subject of this paper is an active safety system that ESC system.
The aim of the paper is to introduce the principle of the ESC system, in addition it is also
important to understand the role and importance of such safety systems on the vehicle.
In the first chapter of this work will be generally said about certain existing systems active
traffic safety, the second chapter is presented the concept of ESC systems, historical
development of the system itself and the role of the aforementioned system. The third chapter
presents a working principle of this system and its components. The fourth chapter presents
the importance of this system with the view of traffic safety, as well as its installation in new
vehicles in various countries of the world. In the sixth chapter gives an overall conclusion
about the ESC system.
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2. TERM AND ROLE ESP SYSTEM
The electronic stability can be encountered and called Electronic Stability Program.
ESC increases control in borderline driving situations, one example is the entry into a bend
too fast. This system is actually extends the functionality of ABS and integrates systems ABS,
ASR and dynamic stability and reduces the risk of skidding. This system is such that when
entering a vehicle in the critical zone of stability of the vehicle automatically intervene. The
remainder of this paper will show the historical development of this system and its
significance [Đorđević M., 2011].
2.1 Historical development of ESC system
One of the first companies in the automotive industry that are built into their vehicles
ESC systems were Mercedes-Benz, BMW and Toyota back in 1987. They then presented
their first traction control systems. This system is a combination radio braking individual
wheels, accelerate the vehicle to better popučici accelerate. However, this system did not have
a role to control vehicle stability unlike ESC system [
http://espsurgex.com/about-us/our-
history/
(09.12.2016)].
Then in 1990, the previously noted the system evolves in TSL system that has evolved
into a modern system of Mitsubishi Active Skid. It was developed to help the driver to
maintain the vehicle path that passes in case of sharp turns. He worked on the principle of the
control unit that follows several operating parameters of the vehicle using various sensors. For
drives through the curve with greater speed, this system would automatically respond by
regulating engine power and braking to ensure proper passage through the curve and ensure
adequate traction force and therefore prohibits the development of excessive lateral
acceleration when the vehicle is cornering. Unlike konvercionalnih system on the vehicle
until then, which were only preventing wheel slip. Mitsubishi TSL system was a preventive
system or an active system. Although it could not be said that the real stability control system,
the system monitors steering angle, the speed and the position of the individual wheels. He
says TSL system helps in overcoming curves on slippery surfaces. In order to improve
performance and TSL system for vehicles Mitsubishi has developed ECS (TLC) system,
which manages all four wheels [
http://espsurgex.com/about-us/our-history/
(09.12.2016)].
BMW in cooperation with Robert Bosch GmbH and Continental Automotive Systems
has developed a system to reduce the torque to the wheels to prevent loss of control and the
system was applied to all models produced by BMW in 1992. In the period from 1987 to 1992
Mercedes- Benz in cooperation with Robert Bosch GmbH developed a system called
Elektronisches Stabilitätsprogramm or "Electronic StabilityProgram" protected called ESR
[
http://espsurgex.com/about-us/our-history/
(09.12.2016)].
GM is working with Delphi Corporation and introduced in 1997 with his version of the ESA
system called "StabiliTrak". StabiliTrak was standard equipment on all GM SUVs and vans in
the US and Canada by 2007. For most vehicles GM vehicles in the US market for this system
is used the term "StabiliTrak" in other markets to GM vehicles used the identity of "Electronic
Stability Control". Ford's version of the ESR system called AdvanceTrac built in 2000. Ford
was later added to the existing system Roll Stability Control, which first took the Volvo XC90
[
http://www.bosch-press.com/tbwebdb/bosch-usa/en-US/PressText.cfm?
CFID=66672769&CFTOKEN=de4a8acdd4b8a0-239B5969-04DB-77B5-
FC5BA313B3FE3952&nh=00&Search=0&id=549
(09.12.2016)].
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